Baz Luhrmann s The Great Gatsby - 934 Words

During the course of this semester, we have watched a variety of films. These films have taught us more about certain times of history as well as how the movie’s production has been changing over time and improving. We have watched a variety of movies in class from the, silent ones to some modern films in which we can see a big the differences between them. Watching these three films I feel like would be entertaining, but as well it would be teaching more about the art of film and expand our learning in class. Baz Luhrmann’s The Great Gatsby, Curtis Hanson’s L.A. Confidential, and Andrà © De Toth’s film House of Wax are those three films I feel would be the perfect ones. Baz Luhrmann’s film The Great Gatsby is base on Nick Carraway moving to New York and meeting Jay Gatsby. Gatsby is famous around since during this time they had a lot of restrictions on many things, and he became famous for having party and providing them with these certain items. Luhrmann film has a lot of characteristics that make it to be something that would teach us more about our learning in this course. Since it could be compared to some of the films we watched in class one of them being from the director Billy Wilder’s Double Indemnity. The Great Gatsby could be seen as a film noir just like Double Indemnity since in both films they have a death that’s because of love. Both were the wrong kind of love that is the cause by a femme fatale. Daisy Buchanan can be view as a femme fatale in Luhrmann andShow MoreRelatedBaz Luhrmann s Film Adaptation Of F. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1649 Words   |  7 PagesBaz Luhrmann’s 2013 film adaptation of F. Scott Fitzgerald novel, The Great Gatsby is exceptional in my point of view. The novel is about a young man named Jay Gatsby who had fallen in love with a woman named Daisy but at the first time they met, they were unable to stay together because of World War 1. Around the 1920’s, they were reunited through the assistance of Nick Carraway who was Daisy’s cousin, Gatsby’s neighbour, and the narrator and Gatsby tried everything in his power to make Daisy fallRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By Baz Luhrmann1290 Words   |  6 PagesLost in The Valley of Ashes Baz Luhrmann’s 2013 highly anticipated rendition of the poignant love story The Great Gatsby, is awarded for his sumptuous sets, glamorous costumes and of course his venerable casting. However, does the intricate Baz Lurhman successfully convey the complex themes in Fitzgerald’s classic? Rachel Spackman scrutinizes and compares the latest films’ rendition of the novel. Baz Luhrmann’s extravagant production of the classic ‘The Great Gatsby’ is filled with lavish visualRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1440 Words   |  6 Pagesis The Great Gatsby. It is a film that explores different kinds of relationships in women and men, and with the use of specific film elements, it puts a twist on the common love story. The film The Great Gatsby utilizes mise-en-scene, character development, and plot to show the estrangement of the main character, Jay Gatsby, from his peers. This is what leads to an uncommon story of boy falling in love with girl. The Mise-En-Scene in The Great Gatsby is one of the main ways Baz Luhrmann, the directorRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Great Gatsby 1508 Words   |  7 PagesRhetorical Analysis for the movie The Great Gatsby In the film of The Great Gatsby, based on the novel, Director, Baz Luhrmann shares the elaborate tale of the infamous Jay Gatsby. Taking place in the era of the 1920’s, also known as the roaring twenties, Luhrmann is able to bring the film to life by constructing breathtaking scenery creating a glamorous environment full of ecstasy in order to make the modern day audience get a feel for what life in that time period would have been like today. ThoughRead MoreGreat Gatsby Film Analysis Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Gatsby Film Analysis The 2013 drama/romance movie, The Great Gatsby, is the second movie adaption made based off the novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1925. Co-written and directed by Baz Luhrmann, this film received both glory and criticism upon its release. The Great Gatsby is well known for its â€Å"Gatsby era† as well as the love encircled between money and power. Without the glitz and glam of this story in conjunction with the forever love Jay Gatsby, a millionaire known for hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Film Review Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Great Gatsby† (2013) Film Review The 2013 movie adaptation of ‘The Great Gatsby† certainly steps out of the cozy boundaries of the novella of less than two hundred pages by F. Scott Fitzegerald with its gaudy attitude and fast-paced scenes that at the same time is quite picturesque and full of details reproduced to match the prose that has been written. Some lovers of the classic might be horrified at the big top-esque film that Baz Luhrmann has made it into, for this director is no strangerRead MoreThe Film Of The Same Title By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Gatsby is a romantic drama conveyed from Baz Luhrmann’s film adaptation of the novel of the same title by F. Scott Fitzgerald. A film of grandeur, fantasy, and sorrow brings alive the story of Nick Caraway’s fateful 1920s summer with the rich and fabulous set in a fictional Long island town. The story is delivered as a flashback from Caraway in a hospital, writing from his memory after an unspecified time af ter the events occurred. Great Gatsby has been a story popular with mass audiences forRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Great Gatsby 1319 Words   |  6 Pagesthe year to be released. The release day of â€Å"The Great Gatsby† seemed millenniums away, but finally the day so many awaited arrived. Now, the real question is, was the movie worth the wait? Some might agree, myself included, that the movie was disappointment and was below what many expected. The expectation that the book itself would be brought to life was not met. I expected to be transported into this 1920 setting, living the life of the Great Gatsby himself, but instead, as Richard Brody says, IRead MoreThe Most Ideal Approach To Appreciate Baz LuhrmannS Enormous1179 Words   |  5 PagesThe most ideal approach to appreciate Baz Luhrmann s enormous and loud new form of The Great Gatsby — and regardless of what you may have listened, it is a prominently charming motion picture — is to set aside whatever artistic motivation you are enticed to carry with you. I give this is not all that effectively done. F. Scott Fitzgerald s slim, beguiling third novel has gathered a heavier weight of social hugeness than it can without much of a stretch bear. Short and sufficiently open to beRead MoreSara Schepmann. Ms. Shea. American Literature. May 5Th,1097 Words   |  5 Pagesword is nothing short of challenging. Maintaining the heart and soul of the novel in such a film can be near impossible, but Baz Luhrmann proved otherwise with his rendition of The Great Gatsby by F. S.Fitzgerald. And while there are several changes to the original novel, the changes are effective and further the overall meaning of the novel. Some of the changes that Luhrmann does include: the impact of Gatsby’s life on Nick and his reasoning for writing the book, the nature of Daisy Buchanan, Gatsby’s

Hcs/245 Respiratory Disease Paper - 761 Words

Respiratory Disease Paper: Tuberculosis HCS/245 September 21, 2015 Respiratory Disease Paper: Tuberculosis Many people take breathing for granted, some never give it a second thought until a problem presents itself. Respiratory diseases affect millions of Americans as well as people from all over the world. Anyone can suffer from these disorders to include men, women, and children, with conditions ranging from mild, moderate, to chronic in nature. This paper will focus on one of the many respiratory disease called mycobacterium tuberculosis; more commonly referred to as TB. Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection in which nodules referred to as tubercles grows in the bodies tissues, especially on the lungs. Tuberculosis is a†¦show more content†¦This drug which costs a little of $115 per treatment; coupled with the record number of drug shortages in the United States is problematic. TB is still proven to be a top killer around the world, and with more cases of drug resistant TB being reported daily, the cost of treating and preventing this disease will continue to be on the rise. http://www.who.int/tb/country/data/profiles/en/ http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/globaltb/default.htmShow MoreRelatedAdipic Acid43555 Words   |  175 Pagesflexibility and resilience to unsaturated polyesters, is used in the production of rigid and flexible foams, wire coatings, elastomers, and adhesives, increases flexibility of alkyd resins, is used in the production of wet strength resins for the paper chemicals industry and is used in the production of synthetic lubricants components and greases. Plasticizers and lubricants components are used in making polyester polyols for polyurethane systems (Jennifer Petru, 2001). Adipic acid hasRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 PagesAFAP stand for? Army Family Action Plan What Army Regulation covers the Army Family Action Plan? AR 608-47 When was the AFAP program established? The AFAP program was established in 1983 as a result of the Chief of Staff, Army (CSA),1983 White Paper, â€Å"The Army Family.† (AR 608-47 Dec 2004 / 1-4 / PDF 7) The AFAP program creates an information loop between whom? The Global Army Family and Leadership. The AFAP provides a means for Army constituents to address and report issues of well-being concernRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesCould cholera be that different 5 from Giardia, you wonder. Thinking about all this you conclude it is likely that boiling will do the trick. So, Juanita’s worry about the danger of getting a bad disease such as Giardia is more than offset by the low probability of actually getting the disease if you boil the water. So, you recommend that your group stay in the mountains, boil the water and drink it after it cools. Thats how you have made your own decision. Is it a reasonable one? Yes, because

Pets Are The Most Popular And Prevalent Essay - 1123 Words

1.0 Introduction 1.1 Business Overview Pets can often be a figure closest friend or companions for humans. It caused not a few humans who have pets. Pets can entertain, accompany even able to keep these often get outpouring of affection from his keeper. No wonder to have a pet had become a trend among the community. Dogs are one of all types of pets are the most popular and prevalent to be maintained. In addition to its cute and adorable, dogs are often able to understand the feelings of his master. Even if you are the master, a dog will continue to accompany you until whenever. The author and his family were one of the lovers of pets such as a dog among the many other dog lovers and we have several dogs at home. There are the ones we keep from small to large and there is also a dog who s been great since we rescued from the street. Almost ten years the author and family nurturing and caring for dogs at home. Many experiences that writers get for keeping the dog from getting knowledge of care, health, dog supplies and equipment. The authors also look at the changes that occurred in the community paradigm. Originally they had a pet for just being made keeper of the house, but now the thinking has changed. Now many pets are considered to be family members and were considered as important as other family members. They will give you the best in keeping and caring for their pet animals. In these last years, the development of pets, especially dogs quite interesting when viewedShow MoreRelatedPets Are The Most Popular And Prevalent Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pages1.0 Introduction 1.1 Business Overview Pets can often be a figure closest friend or companions for humans. It caused not a few humans who have pets. Pets can entertain, go with even able to keep these often get outpouring of affection from his keeper. No wonder to have a pet had become a trend among the community. Dogs are one of all types of pets are the most popular and prevalent to be maintained. In addition to its cute and adorable, dogs are often able to understand the feelings of hisRead MoreBacterial Infections of Humans Caused by Bites of Animals (NOT insects) Introduction Animal bites900 Words   |  4 PagesSubstantially, injuries inflicted by dogs and cats are the most common, and in 70% of these cases, victims are attacked by their own pets or an animal they know. These bites can prove to be deadly after they become infected and cause serious problems, especially to the face and hands. Dog bites occur most frequently and cat bites usually cause deeper, highly infectious wounds because the infected region can be hard to clean. Bites from exotic pets (eg. Rats, gerbils, iguanas†¦) are not much of a concernRead MoreThe Pathology Of Lung Cancer Essay1675 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This paper discusses in distinct detail the pathology of lung cancer, specifically malignant tumors. This investigation into the cancer touches on many different subjects that include: the history of the disease and how it came to be so prevalent, it’s cellular origins, how it is diagnosed within a patient, the different treatments used to fight it, and the survival rates for people with any sort of lung cancer. The paper also goes in depth about the use of x-rays and how they are used toRead MoreDisneys affect on our Children and Culture1525 Words   |  7 Pagesfor persuasive forms of learning for young children. For proof, one doesnt have to look any further than down the aisle of the childrens section of their local video store. What you will find are numerous animated titles, many of them Disney films. Most people unconditionally accept that these movies are good for children, that they promote stimulation of the imagination, and contain them in an aura of innocence. Th e relevance of these films, however, crosses the boundary of being just entertainmentRead MoreWe Must Stop Animal Research and Animal Testing Essay1538 Words   |  7 Pagessuperfluous. As consumers we have a tendency to disregard things we do not necessarily want to know. For example, despite popular belief rats and mice are not the only animals used in testing facilities. Dog, cats, primates, and rabbits are routinely victimized in animal testing facilities as well and while acceptance of animal testing is decreasing it is still prevalent in society today. It seems as though consumers, and even previously myself, are content to ignore the horrifying facts aboutRead MoreThe Benefits Of Animal Assisted Therapy Essay1684 Words   |  7 Pagesa new AAT program that will benefit the community and reduce pet homelessness. Introduction Animals and humans have had a symbiotic relationship for thousands of years, and they play an important role in our everyday lives by providing tremendous benefits to our mental and physical well-being. One way the human-animal bond has been formed is in the form of companion animals, or pets, with dogs being the most notable example. This study primarily focuses on dogs and theRead MoreMental Health And Finding The Best Form Of Treatment1557 Words   |  7 Pagesfew. Generally these have been used together to improve efficiency and guarantee success. Drug therapy has been prevalent and inadvertently led to many questioning whether these drugs are beneficial to our health in the long-term. Those suffering from PTSD may choose to opt out of using medication and attempt alternate routes of treatment, one of which is becoming increasingly popular: animal therapy. This involves using trained animal â€Å"therapists† to combat the symptoms of PTSD and provide companionshipRead Mor e`` High Fantasy, Rites Of Passage And Cultural Value `` By Jean Murray Walker1012 Words   |  5 Pagesthem the collision of powerful interests and values. Even though they may be nurtured within a family structure, chances are they are NOT indoctrinated into a clearly defined community of values.† (Walker 109) Instead, â€Å"materialism prevails, and popular fantasy - in which good (us!) prevails against evil (them!) - is standard fare.† However, Walker contends, and I agree, that â€Å"the best fantasy provides something more, and presents complex and clearly defined values, not vacant symbols of of theRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal909 Words   |  4 Pagesonly difference between the two are the gender of whom they fall in love with. Contrary to popular belief, allowing same-sex marriage would in no way, shape, or form damper heterosexual marriage or traditional family values and, society would continue to function as normal. If equality is passed nationwide, heterosexual couples could still marry and, show their love the way they have for years. Though most families value tradition, it is a homosexual’s couples right to be married. A gay marriageRead MoreThe True State Of Loneliness2464 Words   |  10 Pagespublications by authors in association with loneliness that is also portrayed by actors in films and acknowledged by musicians for many years. It has played a role in our way of life and Is becoming more prevalent throughout the world. At some point in time we undergo a state of being lonely. For most of the population, the condition could be short-term although unfortunately for others it becomes a lifestyle and ultimately their downfall if they are not able to stabilize from it. The dictionary de fines

Trade and Investment Commission Market †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Trade and Investment Commission Market. Answer: Introduction The USA is the largest economy in the world with a nominal GDP of over US$18 trillion in 2015-2016 and a population of 323 million. ( The World Bank) Thus, the USA is a big market and a source of goods and services for any country. Australia has a per capita Gross National Income USD 65, 640 and a GDP of over of over USD 1.6 Trillion per year and provides a sizeable market of a population of over 24 million for US exports.( The World Bank) Australia is also, the fourth largest trading partner of Australia. Australias most important trade and investment partners: the largest foreign investor in Australia, Australias largest foreign investment destination, and the fourth largest destination for Australian exports (2016).(Australian Trade and Investment Commission) The two countries are both high income group countries and hence, important trade markets for each other.( The World Bank) Recently, the President of USA announced in a series of talks, his points of view on the ineffectiveness of Free Trade Agreements in improving the economy of USA. This led to global concerns about the rise of protectionist voices.(Productivity Commission). This paper examines the effects of such a policy by assessing the current Free Trade Agreement with USA and the Free Trade Agreement in pipeline. The USA and Australia signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on 1st January 2005. The agreement covered a broad ranged of topics with trade in goods and services. Primarily, trade in manufactured, agricultural goods and trade in services especially financial services were the major topics of the Agreement.(Armstrong)(George) . Additionally, Intellectual Property Rights, Government Contracts and Legal frameworks for setting of standards of goods and services were also major components of the Agreement.(Tully) Some Stipulations of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Elimination of Duties Clause: Both parties agreed to eliminate custom duties on goods originating in the other country and both parties agreed to non introduction of more duties for goods originating in the other country as long as the FTA was in force.(Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia) In addition to the tariff barriers, the Free Trade Agreement also addresses non-tariff barriers such as quotas, services and investment, e-commerce, barriers to participating in government procurement .process etc. (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia) Non Treatment Clause: Each party assigned to the other a non-discriminatory treatment i.e goods made of substantially altered in the other country would receive the same or somewhat the same treatment as goods made or substantially altered within the country. This is the Non Treatment clause.(Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia) Transparency Clause: Australia agreed to enhancing the listing, pricing and selection of medicines on the schedule of Pharmaceuticals described as the PBS list.(Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia) Both countries give each other preferential treatment in trade of agricultural goods and services. This goes beyond treating each other as Most Favoured Nation, which is a stipulation of the treaty. If the treaty is revoked, the Most Favoured Nation status would have to be renegotiated. (Office of the United States Trade Representative) The USA and Australia have also agreed to work on reach agreement that would phase out any export subsidies for agricultural goods to each other.(Office of the United States Trade Representative) Once, revoked, the treaty may lead to substantial trade barriers towards each other, if protectionists policies were to take place. Australia is a major exporter of agricultural products like grapes, beef, wool etc. The USA market would becoming less accessible to Australia. On the other hand the Australian market would become less accessible to USA. Given that the USA is the largest investor in Australia, any protectionist policies would hurt the multi-national corporations based out of USA and have invested in Australia. On the other hand, the implications are also great for Australia as Australia must seek to diversify its trade partners. ( Australian Trade and Investment Commission) Additionally, Australias specialty food sector has gained recognition with a reputation for quality in packaged food, organic products, specialty cheeses and confectionary. US specialty food sales reached US$120.5 billion during 2015 and offers potential for Australias input.(Tiffen) The US- Australia Free Trade Agree has made significant strides in the protection of Intellectual Property rights for both parties. The agreement stipulated an increase in the duration of copyright protection, for individuals to the life of the author, plus 70 years and commitments to reduce differences in law and practice and participate in international harmonization efforts with respect to trademarks and several technical protection measures of intellectual property (Richardson) These measures were taken to improve the quality of products in both countries. (Richardson) The agreement has increased the access to government contracts for American companies. A revocation the deal, thus, implies a lesser competition from companies based out of USA. Australia is not a signatory to the WTO Government Procurement Agreement on the same topic. and therefore, participation in the process o Government contracts would be beneficial for USA based firms.(Thurbon) Trade Balances Since the Ratification of the USA Australia FTA Year Net Exports for USA to Australia (in Million Dollars) Exports Imports 2004 6,412.40 13,957.90 7,545.50 2005 8,246.30 15,588.50 7,342.20 2006 9,341.70 17,545.70 8,204.00 2007 10,563.20 19,178.20 8,615.00 2008 11,629.80 22,218.60 10,588.80 2009 11,587.80 19,599.30 8,011.50 2010 13,221.70 21,804.60 8,582.90 2011 17,383.30 27,626.20 10,242.90 2012 21,594.60 31,161.40 9,566.80 2013 16,851.20 26,123.70 9,272.60 2014 15,984.40 26,681.70 10,697.30 2015 14,150.60 25,034.10 10,883.50 2016 12,649.80 22,159.70 9,509.90 Declining exports from the USA to Australia imply that there was lower demand for US made goods. It must be noted that during the period post 2012, when exports from USA to Australia declined, domestic demand surged during the same in Australia. (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development). An excess of exports to imports affects the exchange rate of the country. This could also imply, that the USA industries rely more on Australia than on the Australia markets rely on the USA for export demand. The ramification of a cancellation of TPP would be felt in the form of lower demand for goods from USA. This in turn may reduce competition for Australian industries especially in agri-based industries like wine industry and specialty foods industry, Additionally, removal of a Free Trade Agreement allows Australia to place barriers to import of high value imports like heavy machinery, etc. which could significantly affect the US Dollar Australian Dollar exchange rate, improving the competitiveness of the Australian Dollar. Australia is a also a significant investor in USA. However, the USA is one of the biggest investors in Australia. Foreign Direct Investment is important to sustain the Australian economy and would be important for the growth of the economy. Creation of trade barriers for companies that invest in Australia by the USA may lead to the decline of for investment in Australia. (Productivity Commission) There is a flip side to foreign investment too. Foreign investment does not necessarily translate into equal distribution of wealth among households. (Productivity Commission) For example, Foreign Investment in Australia can be heavily oriented towards the natural resources sector. A fall in demand for natural resources in the world market, therefore leads to a drop in investment in the sector which has a ripple effect on wages and household income. This further leads to regional imbalances.(Kent) Criticism of the US Australia Free Trade Agreement In 2010, the Australian Report on productivity found that the FTA had not generated significant benefits for Australia until 2010.(Productivity Commission) Further, the Global financial Crisis had a significant effect on demand from USA. (Blanchard, Dell'Arricia and Mauro) The world trade structure has significantly changed since 2005. These are some of the factors that have been attributed to the ineffectiveness of the FTA for Australia. The AustraliaUS agreement did not prevent the share of US trade in Australia from falling. It could not defy gravity with the rapid growth of Asian economies, their competitiveness and their proximity to Australia delivering lower cost and higher quality goods to the Australian market, but it did provide a modest counterweight.(Armstrong) Armstrong, (2015) believes that that relative ineffectiveness of the USFTA in improvement of Australias trade gains has to do with the failure of the o achieve a reduction in equity risk premium for Australia, an assumption that was made by the Australian Government when the FTa was signed in 2005. Another criticism of the FTA is that FTA does streamline Australias exports to the USA, due to its sheer legal complexity and loop holes that could be discovered in various regulations such as the Intellectual Property Law.(George) According to George, (2014)Provisions such as national treatment, standstill arrangements and 20-year copyright extension have significant consequences and that Australian policy makers did not understand the implications of the provisions of the Free Trade Agreement completely while agreeing to be a party to the Free Trade Agreement. Thus, the Free trade Agreement could have larger negative implications for the Australian economy than was predicted. If the US- Australia Free Trade Agreement were to be nullified then the negative ramifications could be contained. One example, is the transparency clause on pharmaceuticals grants the US excessive power for setting standards for pharmaceuticals manufactured in Australia leading to concerns about affordability of pharmaceuticals.(Tully) In addition, (Armstrong) also criticize the USFTA as one of the reasons for not allowing Australia to capitalize on the growth of demand from emerging economies like China. Tully (2016) criticized the FTA for the lack of accountability on the part of Australian officials and for ignoring the social and cultural context of the two countries. In the recent past, a group of Asian countries, prominently China and Japan, seem to have gained importance as trade partners as the trade between USA and Australia seem to have taken a back seat.(Armstrong) Hence, Australia may not lose massively since the new direction of Australian trade seems to point towards more trade with Asian countries. The Trans Pacific Partnership The TPP is a multi lateral trade partnership between 12 countries including Australia, Canada, Brunei, Malaysia, Mexico, Chile, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, Vietnam, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, and the United States of America. The USA is one of the key countries that signed this trade agreement due to the size of its market. Protectionist policies from USA could lead to the failure of the ratification of the Treaty/ The TPP offers a very wide Free trade market for Australia. The countries that were meant to sign the agreement are responsible for 40 % of the total GDP of the world amounting to approximately $107.5 trillion. Together, these countries account for 26 % of global trade flows and 793 million consumers. (Amadeo)The treaty was designed in a way that it would be effective only if countries that sign the treaty have a total of 85% of the total volume of the trade from these countries. This would not be possible without the presence of the USA. Some are also of the opinion that smaller countries like Malaysia agreed to sign the treaty so that they could have better access to the larger market of the USA and that there is a likelihood of some of the original expected signatories pulling out due to the lack of the incentive that the presence of USA market has provided.(Amadeo) On the flip side the TPP could have platform to the USA to wield greater political power in the South China Sea region. (Amadeo) The United States would, particularly, have to lower tariffs on beef, dairy and poultry and these products are included in some of the top exports of Australia. Australia exports beef, coal , iron ores , professional, technical and other services, iron ores and concentrates, among other commodities. (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Government of Australia) Thus, it follows that Australia may lose out in terms of gaining greater access to the US market with respect to these products. On the other hand, imports from TPP countries include finished goods like passenger motor vehicles, services like personal travel, refined petroleum, transport services, professional technical and business services. As it is visible, TPP countries are crucial from Australian exports since the total exports from country to TPP countries were valued at 34% of the total Australian exports in 2015-2016. While the imports like LNG and professional services help maintain the growth rate of the economy. (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia). The participation of USA could have ensured the elimination of some tariffs that were applicable in spite of the US- Australia Free Trade Agreement. For example, the tariffs on Australia exports to beef that are held by the United States price based safeguard are approximately valued at $2.5 billion in the pear 2015-2016. These could have eliminated by the ratification of the TPP by the USA.(Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Govern ment of Australia) The Trans Pacific Partnership is of particular importance because it is a comprehensive deal that covers a broad range of points in international trade including financial products and services, telecommunications, food and safety standards and most importantly, Intellectual Property Rights. These subjects have traditionally been sources of barriers to World Trade. Additionally, it is also a deal that addresses crucial issues like environmental abuses.(Amadeo) Hence, it fits the context of the current global challenges well. Some are of the opinion that Australia may not be negatively impacted to a great extent simply because it would have boosted the Australian economy only by 0.7 per cent by the year 2030.(Martin) Threats to Australia and Opportunities Arising Due to Adoption of Protectionist Policies by USA The Australian Productivity Commission warned that approximately 100,000 jobs may be lost from the economy due to the protectionist measures adopted by the USA. These losses may be due to losses in Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Institutional Investment. This reduces the choices of goods for some consumers and may affect prices. For example, Australia imports computing equipment from USA. The prices of computing equipment have fallen greatly since 2009. The Commission also suggested that loss of competitive tr The Australian Productivity Commission( 2017) various likely scenarios that would result from a protectionists stance by the USA. The report encouraged Australian government to adopt a pro- Free Trade stance either completely or through regional partnerships through various regional Agreements(Productivity Commission) which could turn the threat of protectionism into an opportunity. On the other hand , the non-ratification of Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership or TTIP by USA could have some positive effects on Australia. The partnership between European Union and USA could have had led to job losses and reduction in investment in Australia due to removal of trade barrier as an effect of the partnership(Corrs Chambers Westgarth Lawyers). Protectionist policies by USA ensure barriers and reduced competitiveness of Euopean goods and investment opportunities. Conclusion The protectionist policies of USA may affect Australia is a country with a large population with a high per capital income. However, the lack of free access to the US markets may not necessarily spell doom for Australia Free Trade Agreement between Australia and USA have not shown significant gains for Australia. (Productivity Commission)(Tully)In fact, on occasions, some have criticized the policy of pushing free trade agreements with A since the US- Australia Free Trade Agreements have not resulted in a great rise in trade surplus for Australia and may have had an opportunity cost in the form of diversion of trade with growing Asian economies such as China.(George) Australia can levy plenty of trade barriers in retaliation to protectionist policies from the USA. (Tully)This will allow the country to protect crucial sectors like agricultural sector, oil and gas sector etc. Additionally, in the context of the evaluation of Free Trade with U SA, Australia must evaluate the strategy it wishes to adopt in the future, whether it wants to encourage more trade with growing economies like India and China . While it is possible that Australia can pursue strong trade ties with several countries of the world, it should certainly take steps to that it does not miss out on trade with several other emerging markets. Thus, protectionist policies by the US alone many not strongly affect the economic position of Australia as long as it maintains its stance on free and open trade with other countries of the world ,as recommended by Productivity Commission (2017) of Australia. So far, there has been no research on the non-monetary pros and cons of an FTA with the USA. For example, the health care due to stringent standards set by the transparency clause ratification may have led to higher prices of pharmaceuticals in Australia. References Australian Trade and Investment Commission. AUSTRALIAS 2 INVESTMENT FOOTPRINT IN THE US | Mapping Australias foreign direct investment in the US . Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2017. The World Bank. Databank. 2017. 6 September 2017 https://data.worldbank.org/topic. Amadeo, Kimberly. Trans-Pacific Partnership Summary, Pros and Cons. 14 June 2017. 8 November 2017 https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-the-trans-pacific-partnership-3305581. Armstrong, Shiro. The Costs of Australia's 'Free Trade' Agreement with Amercia. 8 February 2015. 08 November 2017 https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2015/02/08/the-costs-of-australias-free-trade-agreement-with-america/. Australian Trade and Investment Commission. Market profile, Export Markets: United States of America. 2017. 08 November 2017 https://www.austrade.gov.au/Australian/Export/Export-markets/Countries/United-States-of-America/Market-profile. Blanchard, Olivier, Giovanni Dell'Arricia and Paolo Mauro. "Rethinking Macroeconomic Policy." Journal of Money, Credit and Banking (2010): 199-215. Corrs Chambers Westgarth Lawyers. Will an EU-US free trade agreement be the last straw for Australian manufacturing? 28 January 2014. 08 November 2017 https://www.corrs.com.au/thinking/insights/will-an-eu-us-free-trade-agreement-be-the-last-straw-for-australian-manufacturing/. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia. Australia- United States Free Trade Agreement - First Draft. Washington DC; Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2004. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Government of Australia. TPP outcomes at a glance. 8 December 2016. 8 November 2017 https://dfat.gov.au/trade/agreements/tpp/outcomes-documents/Pages/outcomes-at-a-glance.aspx. George, Anna. A decade on, is the Australia-US FTA fit for the 21st century? 22 October 2014. 08 November 2017 https://theconversation.com/a-decade-on-is-the-australia-us-fta-fit-for-the-21st-century-33016. Kent, Christopher. Speech: After the Boom. 13 September 2016. 9 November 2017 https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2016/sp-ag-2016-09-13.html. Martin, Peter. Trans-Pacific Partnership will barely benefit Australia, says World Bank report . 12 January 2016. 8 Novemberq 2017 https://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/transpacific-partnership-will-barely-benefit-australia-says-world-bank-report-20160111-gm3g9w.html. Office of the United States Trade Representative. Free Trade Agreements Australia. 2017. 8 November 2017 https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/australian-fta/advisory-committee-reports-us-australia-fta. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2017 Economic Survey of Australia. Paris: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2017. Productivity Commission. Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements a. Canberra: Commowealth of Australia, 2013. . Rising protectionism: challenges, threats and opportunities for Australia. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, 2017. Richardson, David. Intellectual property rights and the AustraliaUS Free Trade Agreement. Canberra: Parliament of Australia, 2004. Thurbon, Elizabeth. Australias procurement policy leaves our exporters behind. 17 October 2014. 8 November 2017 https://data.worldbank.org/country/australia. Tiffen, Rodney. Mind the gap: benefits from free trade haven't quite gone the distance . 3 March 2010. 8 November 2017 https://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-opinion/mind-the-gap-benefits-from-free-trade-havent-quite-gone-the-distance-20100302-pg6p.html. Tully, Stephen R. "Free Trade Agreements With The United States: 8 Lessons For Prospective Parties From Australias Experience." De Gruyter (2016): 395-418. United States Census Bureau. Trade in Goods with Australia . 2017. 6 September 2017 https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c6021.html#1985.